Developing an Explanation for Mouse Fur Color, A Genetic Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease, Vertebrate Declines and the Sixth Mass Extinction, Learning Scientific Language with a Graphic Organizer. 2. By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. Key Concepts. Gorongosas elephant population declined by about 90 percent, from more than 2,500 individuals in 1972 to fewer than 250 in 2000. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 To prevent his AP Environmental Science students from having "problem fatigue," Florida educator Scott Sowell focuses on how environmental solutions are developed, justified, implemented, and evaluated. Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. We know we have a lot of work to do to address racial inequities in science teaching. %%EOF By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. Thanks for reading Scientific American. This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. Gathering the data to enable this key final step proved trickier than he expected, however. 2 Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. Pooles observationswhich were used a few months later to support a ban on international ivory tradewere alarming, but they mostly made sense. 0 Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. %%EOF video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. HHMI Educator Tip Tuskless Elephants - YouTube In this video blog post, Kaitlin Bonner, an assistant professor of biology at St. John Fisher College in Rochester, NY, explains how she uses. Tuskless females, they found, had survived at a rate that was about five times higher than that of their tusked counterparts during the conflict. Real science, real stories, and real data to engage students in exploring the living world. Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephant www.BioInteractive.org Updated December 2021 Page 3 of 6 Activity Educator Materials ANSWER KEY PART 1: Information Gathering 1. Elephants were not an obvious choice for Campbell-Staton, who has mostly focused on lizards until now. Most immune cells develop from stem cells in the bone marrow. Explain how the selective pressures on a population may impact the frequencies of phenotypes. This study is among the first to show that selective killing of large vertebrates can have a direct impact on evolutionary change, says Fanie Pelletier, an ecologist at the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, who co-authored a perspective piece in Science about the research. Like other places that had undergone intense poaching, Gorongosas female elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness. The added information provided at pause points within the animation How We Get Our Skin Color allows for a richer exploration of the topic of human skin structure and function. 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. endstream endobj startxref The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. Poachers, she knew, prioritized elephants with the largest tusks. It also made sense that tusklessnessa trait naturally found in a minority of the animals in Africawas apparently being artificially selected for because poachers had no reason to shoot such an animal. Their current rate of decline is 8% per year, primarily due to illegal killing called poaching. The rapid rise in frequency of a severe disease allele that kills males is surprising and speaks to the overwhelming intensity of poaching during civil unrest, he says. Online and in-person professional learning workshops led by educators. Discover world-changing science. A Famed Dolphin-Human Fishing Partnership Is in Danger of Disappearing, Vertebrates May Have Used Vocal Communication More Than 100 Million Years Earlier Than We Thought. !: H3d -:Cg Zf d1 Knowledge awaits. hbbd```b``"wH&NQ fg`5jz XX$^feN3)R@1y"A9m v \`@=`6/Af Zl "30 0 r In this video, Poole explains a possible reason. Students will then analyze data to investigate the impact of human activity, namely poaching, on elephant populations. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). Poaching is selecting for tuskless elephants, which are more likely to survive, mate, and pass on their genes. +A,2k]lJ^G@R`Y0~8!CNC!MM5V_.0mLt(P1Gh9 k1]8Ay0 Ik@ +Xndi) g[! This video case study explores whether elephants can detect, interpret, and respond to signals delivered by underground vibrations. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. The story of African elephants is a powerful case study of how science can inform conservation. Hear how educators are using BioInteractive content in their teaching. The module also shows how mutations in genes that encode cell cycle regulators can lead to the development of cancer. View Tusk-less_Elephant_data_analysis_(Sep_17_2020_at_556_PM).png from AA 1Stude Activity hhmi | Biointeractive Student Handout Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants 9. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. Genetics Evolution Scientific Skills & Literacy Scientists at Work High School General High School AP/IB College Create your free account or Sign in to continue. Working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, Dr. Joyce Poole and colleagues make a striking observation: many female elephants lack tusks. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. Anatomy & Physiology Scientific Skills & Literacy Click & Learn High School General High School AP/IB College Selection for Tuskless Elephants ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! Because tusks continuously grow throughout an elephants lifetime, and because males tusks weigh about seven times those of females, older males tended to be the first to go, followed by younger males and then older females. If we keep the pressure off these elephants, the rate of tusklessness declines with each generation., Rachel Nuwer is a freelance science journalist and author who regularly contributes to Scientific American, the New York Times and National Geographic, among other publications. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. No rights are granted to use HHMIs or BioInteractives names or logos independent from this Resource or in any derivative works. All workshops are online, facilitated by Ambassadors, and include opportunities to interact with our resources and learn from other educators. Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. This interactive video explores how scientists identify which bat populations are infected with Nipah virus and could transmit the virus to humans. The more killing there was, the more tuskless females you got. 6. hbbd```b``"WHg -,^ 316 0 obj <>stream Follow Nuwer on Twitter @RachelNuwerCredit: Nick Higgins. 0 There was a huge skew in the sex ratio, with very few adult males. Describe how mutations in a variety of genes can affect the development of internal and external sex characteristics. In this article from professor Karen Avery, see how she uses this unassuming model organism to teach concepts in cellular biology and genetics. One type of evidence they use is genetic data. a. Tusks offer an advantage to those who have them and are naturally selected for, Poole says. Why Do Some People with the Sickle Cell Genotype Not Have Symptoms? Answers Biointeractive Hhmi - Effebi.biella.it. Most African elephants have tusks, but some about 2% to 6% of females and even fewer males never grow them. As of 2014, about 350,000 savanna elephants were living in Africa. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants | HHMI BioInteractive Video biointeractive 2 years ago The Day the Mesozoic Died: The Asteroid That Killed the Dinosaurs HHMI BioInteractive. 255 0 obj <> endobj The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. Introduction hb```lJB Math.N-Q.A.1, Math.N-Q.A.3, Math.S-IC.3; MP2, MP3, IB Environmental Systems and Societies (2017), Teaching an Online Introductory Biology Lab Using Evolution and Ecology Resources, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license, Why no tusks? This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. II. elephants were illegally killed was probably so that people could take their tusks (for ivory). But in males with no other X chromosome to fall back on, that mutation appears to cause death in the womb. 254 0 obj <> endobj Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . An audio descriptive version of the film is available via our media player. Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Moth Mimicry: Using Ultrasound to Avoid Bats. One of the genes, AMELX, is known from decades of basic research in mice and humans to play a role in mammalian tooth development. Figure out ecosystem dynamics in the sex ratio, with very few adult males to,... A. tusks offer an advantage to those who have them and are naturally selected for Poole... Educators are using Biointeractive content in their teaching never grow them analyzing data on elephants. Declined by about 90 percent, from more than 150 Nobel Prize winners Sickle cell Genotype not Symptoms. Pooles observationswhich were used a few months later to support a ban on ivory... +A,2K ] lJ^G @ R ` Y0~8! CNC! MM5V_.0mLt ( P1Gh9 k1 ] 8Ay0 Ik @ )! 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